Media Content

You can get information about media content from the metadata in the content, such as an ID3 or MP4 tag. You can obtain or update data from the media database, which stores metadata for the media files (such as images, videos, and audio) on the device.

Figure: Media content of the device

Media content of the device

The media files are updated by an application (by using the classes and methods of the Tizen.Content.MediaContent namespace) or a media scanner. When updating the files with the media scanner, the following limitations apply:

SD card insertion and removal: Media files are updated only in the SD card.
Rebooting the device: Media files are updated in the internal memory and SD card on the device.

You can only use the Tizen.Content.MediaContent classes to manage files located in specific paths.

Note
To obtain information from the media database, you must first connect to it. When the connection is no longer needed, remember to disconnect from the media database.

The main features of the Tizen.Content.MediaContent namespace include the following:

Media content

You can update database details due to file (or folder) creation or deletion. If the specified file (or folder) does not exist in the file system, it is removed from the database.

You can also retrieve a list of media folders, retrieve a list of media items, and monitor changes in the media database. You can search for specific media folders and retrieve media folder content.
Media information

You can update the media database due to file creation, deletion, or update on the device. You can retrieve media information, add media files and folders to the database, and scan for media folders.

You can also retrieve general information about the media and more specific information about the media type.
Media bookmarks

You can insert, search for, and remove bookmarks for video and audio files.
Media filtering

You can create a filter to find specific media items.
Media playlists

You can add or delete a playlist of video and audio files, and add media files to a created playlist. In addition, you can also search for playlists.
Media tags (Deprecated since API Level 12)

You can access the tag information for the media files in the database. You can, for example, add media tags, retrieve tag information, and delete tags.
Media albums

You can manage an album of audio files. You can, for example, search for albums and retrieve album content.
Media item groups

You can manage a collection of media items as a group when different items have the same value of a given property. You can, for example, search for groups.

Prerequisites

To enable your application to use the media content functionality, follow the steps below:

To use the Tizen.Content.MediaContent namespace, the application has to request permission by adding the following privileges to the tizen-manifest.xml file:


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<privileges>
   <!--To insert content-->
   <privilege>http://tizen.org/privilege/content.write</privilege>
   <!--To access a storage to insert content-->
   <privilege>http://tizen.org/privilege/mediastorage</privilege>
</privileges>

Connect to the database:


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var mediaDatabase = new MediaDatabase();

mediaDatabase.Connect();

When you no longer use the database, disconnect from it:


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mediaDatabase.Disconnect();

Receive update notifications

To receive notifications of database changes, define and register event handlers for the MediaInfoUpdated or FolderUpdated events of the Tizen.Content.MediaContent.MediaDatabase class:


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void OnMediaInfoUpdated(object sender, MediaInfoUpdatedEventArgs args)
{
    Tizen.Log.Info(LogTag, $"MediaInfo updated: Id = {args.Id}, Operation = {args.OperationType}");
}

void OnFolderUpdated(object sender, MediaInfoUpdatedEventArgs args)
{
    Tizen.Log.Info(LogTag, $"Folder updated: Id = {args.Id}, Operation = {args.OperationType}");
}

MediaDatabase.MediaInfoUpdated += OnMediaInfoUpdated;
MediaDatabase.FolderUpdated += OnFolderUpdated;

When you no longer want to receive notifications, deregister the event handlers:


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MediaDatabase.MediaInfoUpdated -= OnMediaInfoUpdated;
MediaDatabase.FolderUpdated -= OnFolderUpdated;

Find albums

To find the albums satisfying certain criteria, or modify the search results in a specific way, create a filter and set its properties.

The following example filters media albums so that only albums with the artist named “Tizen” are included in the result. The filter is case-insensitive, and the results are sorted in descending order by album name. For more information on the filter properties, see set up a filter:


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var selectArguments = new SelectArguments()
{
    FilterExpression = $"{AlbumColumns.Artist} = 'Tizen' COLLATE NOCASE",
    SortOrder = $"{AlbumColumns.Name} DESC"
};

var albumCmd = new AlbumCommand(mediaDatabase);

using (var mediaDataReader = albumCmd.Select(selectArguments))
{
    while (mediaDataReader.Read())
    {
        var album = mediaDataReader.Current;

        Tizen.Log.Info(LogTag, $"Album - Id: {album.Id}, Name: {album.Name}, Artist: {album.Artist}");

Get the media item count in the album with the CountMember() method of the Tizen.Content.MediaContent.AlbumCommand class:


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        int count = albumCmd.CountMember(album.Id);

        Tizen.Log.Info(LogTag, $"Media count in this album: {count}");
    }
}

You can also get the number of albums available with the Count() method.

Retrieve album content

To retrieve the media items in a given album, check the following code:


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Album album = ...

using (var mediaDataReader = albumCmd.SelectMember(album.Id))
{
    while (mediaDataReader.Read())
    {
        var mediaInfo = mediaDataReader.Current;

        Tizen.Log.Info(LogTag, $"MediaInfo - Title: {mediaInfo.Title}, MIME type: {mediaInfo.MimeType}, File size: {mediaInfo.FileSize}");
    }
}

Insert bookmarks

To set a bookmark for a video file at a given timestamp, use the Insert() method of the Tizen.Content.MediaContent.BookmarkCommand class:


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var bookmarkCmd = new BookmarkCommand(mediaDatabase);

var thumbnailPath = "path/to/image/file";
var bookmarkName = "MyBookmark";

bookmarkCmd.Insert(mediaInfo.Id, offset, bookmarkName, thumbnailPath);

The parameters are the media ID of the video file, the moment (time in milliseconds from the beginning) in the video to bookmark, and the image used as a thumbnail for the bookmark.

Find bookmarks

To retrieve bookmarks, follow the steps below:

To find the bookmarks, use the Select() method of the Tizen.Content.MediaContent.BookmarkCommand class:


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using (var mediaDataReader = bookmarkCmd.Select())
{
    while (mediaDataReader.Read())
    {
        var bookmark = mediaDataReader.Current;

        Tizen.Log.Info(LogTag, $"Bookmark ThumbnailPath={bookmark.ThumbnailPath}, Offset={bookmark.Offset}");
    }
}

To find the bookmarks set for a media item, use the SelectBookmark() method of the Tizen.Content.MediaContent.MediaInfoCommand class:


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var mediaDataReader = mediaInfoCmd.SelectBookmark(mediaId);

Remove bookmarks

To remove a bookmark, use the Delete() method of the Tizen.Content.MediaContent.BookmarkCommand class as shown below:


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bookmarkCmd.Delete(bookmark.Id);

Set up a filter

The classes of the Tizen.Content.MediaContent namespace use the SelectXXX() and CountXXX() methods to search for items in the media database. You can filter or modify the output of these methods by using an instance of the Tizen.Content.MediaContent.SelectArguments class as a parameter for the SelectXXX() methods or an instance of the Tizen.Content.MediaContent.CountArguments class as a parameter for the CountXXX() methods.

For example, to filter the results of the SelectMedia() method of the Tizen.Content.MediaContent.MediaInfoCommand class, do the following:

Create an instance of the Tizen.Content.MediaContent.SelectArguments class:


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var selectArguments = new SelectArguments();

Set a filter expression as the FilterExpression property of the instance.

The following example sets a filter expression which finds albums with the artist named “Tizen” with a case-insensitive search:


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selectArguments.FilterExpression = $"{AlbumColumns.Artist}='Tizen' COLLATE NOCASE";

The FilterExpression property used for filtering the search results is passed to an SQL database. It defines the WHERE clause of an SQL query and must match the following pattern:


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/* Basic pattern, COLLATE (optional) determines how the strings are compared */
<column name> <relation> <value> [COLLATE NOCASE/RTRIM/LOCALIZED]

/* If the relation is =, >, >=, <, or <=, the following is also valid */
<value> <relation> <column name> [COLLATE NOCASE/RTRIM/LOCALIZED]

The valid relations are:


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=, >, >=, <, <=, IN, NOT IN, LIKE

Conditions can be joined by OR and AND to form more complex conditions.

Column names are defined in the *Columns classes.

Set a sorting order using the SortOrder property.

The following example sorts the results in ascending order by artist name. The sorting is case-insensitive:


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selectArguments.SortOrder = $"{AlbumColumns.Artist} COLLATE NOCASE ASC";

Set a limit to read using the StartRowIndex and TotalRowCount properties. This allows you to limit the results to a specific subset. For example, if you sort the items by size in ascending order and set the StartRowIndex to 10, the 10 smallest items are not included in the results.

The following example sets a TotalRowCount property that returns results starting from the beginning, and returns a maximum of 5 results:
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selectArguments.TotalRowCount = 5;
```

To use the filter, include it as a parameter of the SelectMedia() method of the Tizen.Content.MediaContent.MediaInfoCommand class:


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mediaInfoCmd.SelectMedia(selectArguments);

Find folders

To find media folders, follow the steps below:

To find media folders and filter the results, use the Select() method of the Tizen.Content.MediaContent.FolderCommand class.

The following example filters media folders so that only folders named “Downloads” found in the internal storage are included in the result. For more information on the filter properties, see set up a filter:


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var folderCmd = new FolderCommand(mediaDatabase);

var selectArguments = new SelectArguments()
{
    FilterExpression = $"{FolderColumns.Name}='Downloads' AND {FolderColumns.StorageType}={(int)StorageType.Internal}"
};

using (var mediaDataReader = folderCmd.Select(selectArguments))
{
    while (mediaDataReader.Read())
    {
        var folder = mediaDataReader.Current;

        Tizen.Log.Info(LogTag, $"Folder Id={folder.Id}, Path={folder.Path}");

Get the media item count in the folder with the CountMedia() method:


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        int count = folderCmd.CountMedia(folder.Id);

        Tizen.Log.Info(LogTag, $"{count} media items in Path={folder.Path}");
    }
}

Retrieve folder content

To retrieve media items in the folder with the given ID, use the SelectMedia() method of the Tizen.Content.MediaContent.FolderCommand class:


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using (var mediaDataReader = folderCmd.SelectMedia(folder.Id))
{
    while (mediaDataReader.Read())
    {
        var mediaInfo = mediaDataReader.Current;

        Tizen.Log.Info(LogTag, $"MediaInfo Title={mediaInfo.Title}");
    }
}

Retrieve media information

To access media item information, follow the steps below:

The following example filters media items so that only image and video items are included in the result. The filter is case-insensitive, and the results are sorted in descending order by item display name. For more information on the filter properties, see set up a filter:


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var selectArguments = new SelectArguments()
{
    FilterExpression = $"{MediaInfoColumns.MediaType}={(int)MediaType.Image} OR {MediaInfoColumns.MediaType}={(int)MediaType.Video}",
    SortOrder = "{MediaInfoColumns.DisplayName} COLLATE NOCASE DESC"
};

To find the media items, use the SelectMedia() method of the Tizen.Content.MediaContent.MediaInfoCommand class.

The available metadata varies depending on the media type, such as image, video, or audio:


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using (var mediaDataReader = mediaInfoCmd.SelectMedia(selectArguments))
{
    while (mediaDataReader.Read())
    {
        var mediaInfo = mediaDataReader.Current;

        Tizen.Log.Info(LogTag, $"Id={mediaInfo.Id}, Name={mediaInfo.DisplayName}, Path={mediaInfo.Path}");

        switch (mediaInfo.MediaType)
        {
            case MediaType.Image:
                ImageInfo imageInfo = mediaInfo as ImageInfo;

                Tizen.Log.Info(LogTag, "This is an image");
                Tizen.Log.Info(LogTag, $"Width: {imageInfo.Width}, Height: {imageInfo.Height}, Orientation: {imageInfo.Orientation}, Date taken: {imageInfo.DateTaken}");
                break;

            case MediaType.Video:
                VideoInfo videoInfo = mediaInfo as VideoInfo;

                Tizen.Log.Info(LogTag, "This is a video");
                Tizen.Log.Info(LogTag, $"Title: {videoInfo.Title}");

            case MediaType.Sound:
            case MediaType.Music:
                AudioInfo audioInfo = mediaInfo as AudioInfo;

                Tizen.Log.Info(LogTag, "This is a audio");
                Tizen.Log.Info(LogTag, $"Title: {audioInfo.Title}, Album: {audioInfo.Album}, Artist: {audioInfo.Artist}, Album artist: {audioInfo.AlbumArtist}, BitRate: {audioInfo.BitRate}");

            case MediaType.Book:
                BookInfo bookInfo = mediaInfo as BookInfo;

                Tizen.Log.Info(LogTag, "This is a book");
                Tizen.Log.Info(LogTag, $"Title: {bookInfo.Title}, Subject: {bookInfo.Subject}, Author: {bookInfo.Author}, DatePublished: {bookInfo.DatePublished}, Publisher: {bookInfo.Publisher}");
        }
    }
}

Insert media in the database

To use newly created media files, insert them into the database. To add information to the database, use one of the following options:

The Add() method of the Tizen.Content.MediaContent.MediaInfoCommand class:


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mediaInfoCmd.Add(imagePath);

The MediaDatabase.ScanFile() method of the Tizen.Content.MediaContent.MediaDatabase class:


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mediaDatabase.ScanFile(imagePath);

The difference between the 2 options is that the Add() method returns the Tizen.Content.MediaContent.MediaInfo instance of the media file after inserting the file in the database, whereas the ScanFile() method only inserts the file.

Scan a media folder

To update media items in a folder, and optionally its subfolders, use the ScanFolderAsync() method of the Tizen.Content.MediaContent.MediaDatabase class.

If the second parameter is set to true, all subfolders are scanned too:


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await mediaDatabase.ScanFolderAsync(folderPath, true);

Create playlists

To create and insert a playlist into the database, follow the steps below:

Insert a playlist into the database as a record.

Add a new playlist to the database using the Insert() method of the Tizen.Content.MediaContent.PlaylistCommand class:


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var playlistCmd = new PlaylistCommand(mediaDatabase);

var playlist = playlistCmd.Insert("playlist_for_tutorial");

You can modify the playlist name later using the Update() method.

To add media items to the playlist, use the AddMember() or AddMembers() methods:


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/// Add 1 item to the playlist
playlistCmd.AddMember(playlist.Id, mediaInfo.Id);

/// Add multiple items to the playlist
string[] mediaInfoIds = new string[]{mediaInfo1.Id, mediaInfo2.Id};
playlistCmd.AddMembers(playlist.Id, mediaInfoIds);

Find playlists

To find playlists and their contents, follow the steps below:

To find playlists and filter the results, use the Select() method of the Tizen.Content.MediaContent.PlaylistCommand class:


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using (var mediaDataReader = playlistCmd.Select())
{
    while (mediaDataReader.Read())
    {
        var playlist = mediaDataReader.Current;

        Tizen.Log.Info(LogTag, $"Playlist Name={playlist.Name}");
    }
}

To find only playlists satisfying certain criteria, or modify the results in a specific way, use an instance of the Tizen.Content.MediaContent.SelectArguments class as a parameter to the Select() method.

For information on creating a filter, see set up a filter.

To retrieve the media items in the playlist, use the SelectMember() method of the Tizen.Content.MediaContent.PlaylistCommand class:


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using (var mediaDataReader = playlistCmd.SelectMember(playlist.Id))
{
    while (mediaDataReader.Read())
    {
        var mediaInfo = mediaDataReader.Current;

        Tizen.Log.Info(LogTag, $"Media info on the playlist: {mediaInfo.Id}");
    }
}

Delete playlists

When you no longer need it, delete a playlist from the database with the Delete() method of the Tizen.Content.MediaContent.PlaylistCommand class to avoid creating useless records:


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playlistCmd.Delete(playlist.Id);

Add tags

To add a tag to the database, and a file to the tag, follow the steps below:

Add the tag with the Insert() method of the Tizen.Content.MediaContent.TagCommand class:


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var tagCmd = new TagCommand(mediaDatabase);

var tag = tagCmd.Insert("Tag name");

Insert a media item into the tag with the AddMedia() method.

To insert an item into the tag, you need to know the ID of the item:


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tagCmd.AddMedia(tag.Id, mediaInfo.Id);

Retrieve tag information

To retrieve tag information, follow the steps below:

To find tags and filter the results, use the Select() method of the Tizen.Content.MediaContent.TagCommand class:


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using (var mediaDataReader = tagCmd.Select())
{
    while (mediaDataReader.Read())
    {
        var tag = mediaDataReader.Current;

        Tizen.Log.Info(LogTag, $"Tag Name={tag.Name}");
    }
}

To find only tags satisfying certain criteria, or modify the results in a specific way, use an instance of the Tizen.Content.MediaContent.SelectArguments class as a parameter to the Select() method.

For information on creating a filter, see set up a filter.

To retrieve the media items added to the tag, use the SelectMedia() method of the Tizen.Content.MediaContent.TagCommand class:


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using (var mediaDataReader = tagCmd.SelectMedia(tag.Id))
{
    while (mediaDataReader.Read())
    {
        var mediaInfo = mediaDataReader.Current;

        Tizen.Log.Info(LogTag, $"Media info added to the tag: {mediaInfo.Id}");
    }
}

Delete tags

To delete a tag, use the Delete() method of the Tizen.Content.MediaContent.TagCommand class as shown below:


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tagCmd.Delete(tag.Id);

Find media item groups

A group is a collection of media items that have the same value of a given column. For example, if the column is the artist, there are as many groups as there are artists, and each group consists of items by the same artist. The possible groups are determined by the Tizen.Content.MediaContent.MediaInfoColumnKey enumeration values, such as Artist and MimeType.

To find media item groups and filter the results, follow the steps below:

To find the media items satisfying certain criteria, or modify the results in a specific way, create an instance of the Tizen.Content.MediaContent.SelectArguments class.

The following example filters media items so that only items whose display name ends with “.jpg” are included in the result (the ‘%’ characters act as wildcards in the filter expression, and they must be escaped using another ‘%’ character to avoid compiler warnings). For more information on the filter properties, see set up a filter:
```
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var selectArguments = new SelectArguments()
{
    FilterExpression = $"{MediaInfoColumns.DisplayName} LIKE '%%.jpg'"
};
```

To group media files by MIME type:

To find the number of MIME type-related groups, use the CountGroupBy() method of the Tizen.Content.MediaContent.MediaInfoCommand class:


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int count = mediaInfoCmd.CountGroupBy(MediaInfoColumnKey.MimeType);

Tizen.Log.Info(LogTag, $"Group count: {count}");

Since the method is called without a Tizen.Content.MediaContent.SelectArguments instance as a parameter, no filtering is performed and all groups are counted.

To find the media item groups, use the MediaInfoCommand.SelectGroupBy() method:


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using (var mediaDataReader = mediaInfoCmd.SelectGroupBy(MediaInfoColumnKey.MimeType, selectArguments))
{
    while (mediaDataReader.Read())
    {

The MediaDataReader<string> returned by the SelectGroupBy() method contains the group names, in this case, various MIME types, such as image/png and audio/mpeg:


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        var groupName = mediaDataReader.Current;

        Tizen.Log.Info(LogTag, $"Group name: {groupName}");

You can use the group name to get all items in the group by adding a condition as the FilterExpression property of an instance of the Tizen.Content.MediaContent.SelectArguments class, then using that instance as a parameter of the SelectMedia() method of the Tizen.Content.MediaContent.MediaInfoCommand class:


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        var selectArguments = new SelectArguments()
        {
            FilterExpression = $"{MediaInfoColumns.DisplayName} LIKE '%%.jpg' AND {MediaInfoColumns.MimeType}='{groupName}'"
        };

        using (var mediaInfoReader = mediaInfoCmd.SelectMedia(selectArguments))
        {
            /// Read the items
        }
    }
}

Media information

You can get the media data from the media database using various methods, such as the SelectMedia() method of the Tizen.Content.MediaContent.MediaInfoCommand class. After that, you can retrieve general information about the media and specific information for each media type.

The following tables list the available media file information.

Table: General information

You can scroll this table.

Metadata name	Description
`Id`	ID of the media content
`Path`	Path of the media content
`DisplayName`	Display name of the media content
`MediaType`	Media type of the media content
`MimeType`	MIME type of the media content
`FileSize`	File size of the media content
`DateAdded`	Time the media content was added to the database
`DateModified`	Last modification time of the media content
`Timeline`	Time the media content was created (Deprecated since API Level 12)
`ThumbnailPath`	Path of the stored thumbnail image of the media content (Deprecated since API Level 12)
`Description`	Description of the media content (Deprecated since API Level 12)
`Longitude`	Longitude of the media content (Deprecated since API Level 12)
`Latitude`	Latitude of the media content (Deprecated since API Level 12)
`Altitude`	Altitude of the media content (Deprecated since API Level 12)
`Rating`	Rating of the media content (Deprecated since API Level 12)
`IsFavorite`	Favorite status of the media content (Deprecated since API Level 12)
`Title`	Title of the media content
`IsDrm`	The media is DRM-protected or not (Deprecated since API Level 12)

Table: Audio metadata (only for audio files)

You can scroll this table.

Metadata name	Description
`Album`	Album information for the audio content
`Artist`	Artist of the audio content
`AlbumArtist`	Album artist of the audio content The artist and album artist can be the same
`Genre`	Genre of the audio content
`Composer`	Composer of the audio content (Deprecated since API Level 12)
`Year`	Year the audio content was recorded
`DateRecorded`	Date the audio content was recorded (Deprecated since API Level 12)
`Copyright`	Copyright information for the audio content (Deprecated since API Level 12)
`TrackNumber`	Track number of the audio content
`BitRate`	Bit rate of the audio content (Deprecated since API Level 12)
`BitPerSample`	Bit per sample of the audio content The bit per sample is the same as the sample format. The sample format is the number of digits in the digital representation of each sample (Deprecated since API Level 12)
`SampleRate`	Sample rate of the audio content (Deprecated since API Level 12)
`Channels`	Channel information for the audio content (Deprecated since API Level 12)
`Duration`	Duration of the audio content (Deprecated since API Level 12)

Table: Image metadata (only for image files)

You can scroll this table.

Metadata name	Description
`Width`	Width of the image
`Height`	Height of the image
`ExposureTime`	Exposure time of the image (Deprecated since API Level 12)
`FNumber`	FNumber of the image (Deprecated since API Level 12)
`Iso`	ISO of the image (Deprecated since API Level 12)
`Model`	Model name of the camera that created the image (Deprecated since API Level 12)
`Orientation`	Orientation of the image
`DateTaken`	Time the image was created You can get this information from the EXIF tag. If there is no EXIF tag for the image, set the created time in the file system

Table: Video metadata (only for video files)

You can scroll this table.

Metadata name	Description
`Album`	Album information for the video content (Deprecated since API Level 12)
`Artist`	Artist of the video content (Deprecated since API Level 12)
`AlbumArtist`	Album artist of the video content (Deprecated since API Level 12)
`Genre`	Genre of the video content (Deprecated since API Level 12)
`Composer`	Media composer of the video content (Deprecated since API Level 12)
`Year`	Year the video content was recorded (Deprecated since API Level 12)
`DateRecorded`	Date the video content was recorded (Deprecated since API Level 12)
`Copyright`	Copyright of the video content (Deprecated since API Level 12)
`TrackNumber`	Track number of the video content (Deprecated since API Level 12)
`BitRate`	Bit rate of the video content (Deprecated since API Level 12)
`Duration`	Duration of the video content (Deprecated since API Level 12)
`Width`	Width of the video content (Deprecated since API Level 12)
`Height`	Height of the video content (Deprecated since API Level 12)

Table: Book metadata (only for book files)

You can scroll this table.

Metadata name	Description
`Subject`	Subject for the book content
`Author`	Author of the book content
`DatePublished`	Published date of the book content (Deprecated since API Level 12)
`Publisher`	Publisher of the book content (Deprecated since API Level 12)

Dependencies
- Tizen 4.0 and Higher

Media Content

Prerequisites

Receive update notifications

Find albums

Retrieve album content

Insert bookmarks

Find bookmarks

Remove bookmarks

Set up a filter

Find folders

Retrieve folder content

Retrieve media information

Insert media in the database

Scan a media folder

Create playlists

Find playlists

Delete playlists

Add tags

Retrieve tag information

Delete tags

Find media item groups

Media information

Related information